Breed Guide
Shih Tzu Dog Food Guide
The Shih Tzu is a brachycephalic (flat-faced) breed with a long flowing coat. Breathing characteristics affect how they eat, making kibble size and eating pace important. Dental disease, tear staining, and skin allergies are common health concerns.
Basic Info & Common Health Issues
| Average Weight | 4–7 kg |
| Average Lifespan | 10–16 years |
| Coat Type | Long, flowing double coat, low shedding |
| Common Health Issues | Brachycephalic syndrome, dental disease, eye issues, skin allergies, tear stains |
| Activity Level | Low to moderate |
Nutrition Guide by Life Stage
Puppy (0–12 months)
- ✓Small breed puppy formula with small kibble
- ✓At least 22.5% protein; DHA recommended
- ✓3–4 small meals per day
- ✓Monitor eating pace — use slow feeder if needed
Adult (10 months–7 years)
- ✓Small breed adult formula
- ✓No artificial colors to help manage tear staining
- ✓Omega-3 for skin and coat maintenance
- ✓2 regular meals per day; monitor weight
Senior (7+ years)
- ✓Lower calorie density as activity decreases
- ✓Glucosamine & chondroitin for joints
- ✓Soft or wet food if dental health declines
- ✓Lower phosphorus for kidney protection
Daily Calorie & Feeding Amount by Weight
Based on RER (Resting Energy Requirement) = 70 × weight(kg)^0.75. Maintenance energy for a neutered adult is typically RER × 1.4–1.6.
| Weight | Daily Calories (adult, neutered) | Approx. Amount (400 kcal/100g) |
|---|---|---|
| 4 kg | ~195–225 kcal/day | ~49–56 g |
| 5 kg | ~220–250 kcal/day | ~55–63 g |
| 6 kg | ~250–285 kcal/day | ~63–71 g |
| 7 kg | ~275–315 kcal/day | ~69–79 g |
Brachycephalic Breed Feeding Tips
The Shih Tzu's flat face affects how they pick up and chew food. Choosing the right kibble size and using slow-feeder bowls can help prevent regurgitation and bloating.
- ✓Choose kibble specifically sized for brachycephalic or small breeds
- ✓Consider a slow-feeder bowl to reduce eating speed
- ✓Avoid artificial colors — they may contribute to tear staining
- ✓Omega-3 (EPA+DHA) supports skin barrier and mucous membrane health
- ✓Crunchy kibble helps with dental plaque — combined with brushing
What to Look for in Food
Rather than recommending specific brands, here are the food criteria that tend to work well for Shih Tzus.
- ✓Small breed formula with brachycephalic-appropriate kibble size
- ✓Single animal protein as the first ingredient
- ✓Omega-3 (EPA+DHA) for skin, coat, and tear stain reduction
- ✓No artificial colors or synthetic preservatives
- ✓Dental-friendly kibble texture
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. What food is best for a Shih Tzu?
A small breed formula with kibble sized appropriately for flat-faced breeds. The first ingredient should be a quality single animal protein. Look for omega-3 (EPA+DHA) for skin and coat, and avoid artificial colors which may contribute to tear staining.
Q. Can diet affect tear staining in Shih Tzus?
Artificial colors and certain food additives may worsen tear staining. Switching to a food without artificial colors may help — allow 4–6 weeks to observe changes. However, tear staining in Shih Tzus is often related to their flat facial anatomy (narrow tear ducts), so a vet exam should come first.
Q. How does being brachycephalic affect feeding?
Flat-faced breeds often eat faster and may have difficulty picking up food. Choose kibble sized for small or brachycephalic breeds, and consider using a slow-feeder bowl to reduce eating pace. After meals, allow a short rest period before exercise to reduce the risk of bloating.
Q. How can diet help with Shih Tzu dental health?
Crunchy dry kibble provides some mechanical cleaning of tooth surfaces. Combined with regular brushing (ideally daily) and periodic vet dental cleanings, this is an effective routine. VOHC-accepted dental treats can also be used as a supplement. Diet alone is not sufficient for dental disease prevention.